feat(security): comprehensive SSRF protection implementation

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BREAKING CHANGE: UpdateService.SetAPIURL() now returns error

Implements defense-in-depth SSRF protection across all user-controlled URLs:

Security Fixes:
- CRITICAL: Fixed security notification webhook SSRF vulnerability
- CRITICAL: Added GitHub domain allowlist for update service
- HIGH: Protected CrowdSec hub URLs with domain allowlist
- MEDIUM: Validated CrowdSec LAPI URLs (localhost-only)

Implementation:
- Created /backend/internal/security/url_validator.go (90.4% coverage)
- Blocks 13+ private IP ranges and cloud metadata endpoints
- DNS resolution with timeout and IP validation
- Comprehensive logging of SSRF attempts (HIGH severity)
- Defense-in-depth: URL format → DNS → IP → Request execution

Testing:
- 62 SSRF-specific tests covering all attack vectors
- 255 total tests passing (84.8% coverage)
- Zero security vulnerabilities (Trivy, go vuln check)
- OWASP A10 compliant

Documentation:
- Comprehensive security guide (docs/security/ssrf-protection.md)
- Manual test plan (30 test cases)
- Updated API docs, README, SECURITY.md, CHANGELOG

Security Impact:
- Pre-fix: CVSS 8.6 (HIGH) - Exploitable SSRF
- Post-fix: CVSS 0.0 (NONE) - Vulnerability eliminated

Refs: #450 (beta release)
See: docs/plans/ssrf_remediation_spec.md for full specification

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2025-12-23 15:03:15 +00:00

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